169: The End of an App's Life
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Welcome to Under the Radar, a show about independent iOS app development.
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I'm Marco Arment.
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>> And I'm David Smith.
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Under the Radar is never longer than 30 minutes, so let's get started.
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So it is an awkward part of the summer for me, and that is because I have now -- I would
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say I am through the part of the summer where I have -- I would say I have fully digested
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WWDC and what is -- all the new things that are coming and all of the new opportunities
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and all of the new things that Apple seems to be pushing or leading or dragging us along
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And then comes the next awkward phase of trying to understand, well, what does that actually
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mean for my products?
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And so I -- as someone who has many, many products, it can mean a lot of things.
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And the first thing I do is I sit down in a notebook and each product gets a page and
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I just lay them all out on a table and it's like write down all the things that I could
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see possibly doing for every one of my -- the products that I have currently shipped.
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And then I have a couple pages of new ideas or things I want to work on.
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And then comes the really tough part of deciding what am I actually going to do, both between
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now and September, and the ostensible goal of the kind of like first round, be there
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on day one, hopefully kind of to be a leader or taking advantage of publicity or press
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interests or Apple editorial interest.
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There's that side.
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And then like some of those things make sense and obvious, like working on my big -- like
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my most popular apps make sense to do this stuff for.
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But it also kind of forces me to have this soul searching moment when I look at some
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of these apps that I have that are out in the store that I haven't worked on in months.
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And if anything, like I haven't worked on them since I did the iOS 12 compatibility
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updates, if that.
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And if those were just mostly just like, you know, open the app in the new version of Xcode,
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fix any of the weird warnings that pop up or like deprecation issues, and then like
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resubmit it, like not major even updates for some of these apps because they're not the
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main part of my business.
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They're these apps that I've made.
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Many of them are kind of old or they served a different purpose or they kind of were built
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in a different app store world.
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And I kind of look at them and I'm like, at some point, should I just pull these from
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At some point, should I pull them away?
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Or is it better to kind of have this kind of intentional conscious neglect of these
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things where they still work in that sense?
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It's not like I'm shipping something that crashes on first launch, but it's not getting
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And I find that a really hard question to answer of like, at some point, is it worth
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end of lifeing these or is it just continue to neglect them?
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Is that okay?
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Like both from a business perspective as well as kind of like there's, do I have a more
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like sort of obligation to my users?
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And it always just puts me in a weird place.
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And then when I start to think about end of lifeing, like that is a whole can of worms
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in terms of like some of these apps involve user data or sync or backup stuff that I have.
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Or like I have an app that involves the download, like where people could purchase audio books.
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And I like that particular, like I haven't, the actual purchase side of it is something
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that I've de-emphasized and largely kind of reduced in emphasis.
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But how long do I have to support those downloads for?
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And like those kind of questions are really awkward.
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And it's just something that is always a funny part of this summer where I get all excited
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initially about all the new stuff.
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And then I get really excited about all the new apps that I can make.
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And then I sort of like turn to my wife and start talking about all these new things.
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And she's like, you're going to make more apps?
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We already have, I think, don't you think we have too many already?
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So like anyway, that's the situation I find myself in.
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And so whatever wisdom or insight you might have, Marco, I would greatly appreciate to
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lead me out of this desert of confusion.
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- I mean, I know a lot of couples when one of them thinks the other has a collection
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of something that is too big, institute a one in, one out policy.
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- There you go.
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- So it's like, you want to make a new app?
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You got to get rid of one of your old apps that you don't use anymore.
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- It's just like I have too many shoes.
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- Right, exactly, yeah.
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So I think it's a tough decision to say like which of these old apps that you don't really
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want to work on anymore.
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Like how do you end them?
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Do you end them at all?
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When are you able to end them and not be too hostile towards your customers in the process
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of doing so?
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And I think like a lot of the customer hostility thing has to do with the functionality and
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the business model of the apps.
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Like how have you taken their money and for what?
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If it's an app that is free, maybe ad supported, I think you can do whatever you want.
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That's an easy one, right?
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It's like if you haven't taken their money, you can shut it down tomorrow and not feel
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You can also leave something in the store forever that doesn't take their money and
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may or may not work very well in newer versions of the OS or may or may not have features
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that they would expect for a newer version of the OS and stuff like that.
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So that, if it's a free app in money, if it's free as in they haven't paid anything,
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you can do basically whatever you want.
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And the right decision for a lot of it might just be just leave it there until it totally
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breaks and then take it down.
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But when you've taken their money, if it's either paid up front or if it's some kind
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of in-app purchase or subscription based thing, it becomes a little bit different than of
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like, do you leave it in the store but make it free for a year and then kill it?
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Or do you remove it from sale but keep the back end running for a certain amount of time
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to keep the app active?
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There's all sorts of options there and it just unfortunately is one of the situations
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where it's like the right answer is it depends on the app and the situation.
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But I think ultimately, as long as the app functions, if it does what it says it's
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going to do, if it works the way people would expect to work, it's totally okay to, for
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instance, not support dark mode ever in iOS.
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If that app is in maintenance mode and you're mostly going to leave it there and you're
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just kind of waiting for it to die, you don't have to do things like that.
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Like adopting new features, changing over to the new APIs for 3D touch previewing and
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stuff like that.
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There's all this new stuff in 13 that you don't really have to do for apps that aren't
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under active development.
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As long as they haven't broken, it's fine.
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And there's also something to be said, even if they have kind of broken, like well, if
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they have only broken in minor ways, like if the UI has a couple of glitches here and
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there, again if this is an app that is just in minimal maintenance mode that basically
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just exists so that its existing customers can continue to use it, that's kind of fine.
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It's not the best thing in the world but if it's still serving people in some way and
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if the people would be more upset if it was gone than if it just had a UI bug, I'd say
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leave it there as long as you can.
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But unfortunately then, again, the money issue complicates things so maybe making old apps
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free for a while before you totally take them down is probably the right move.
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But then things get more complicated as you said when you add user data into the mix.
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Like if you are hosting some kind of service, if you're hosting their data in some way,
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I feel like you have to run that service for a while after you take the app off the store,
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like just to kind of give people a grace period and maybe do one last update to the app that
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says like, hey, the servers are going to go away on this date.
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It sets some date in the future, maybe like six months or a year out and just say, the
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servers are going away on this date and have that be in the app so that when they launch
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it, if anybody's still using it, when they launch it, they see that warning and it gives
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them some kind of time, maybe provide some kind of export functionality if such a thing
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makes sense, if it's important data.
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But again, it depends so much on all these different factors.
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But I would say, I mean I could totally rationalize this for you either way.
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If you want to have as few apps as possible, I can say, yeah, kill them all.
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Whatever's not working, kill it.
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Whatever you don't want to be working on, just kill them all.
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But I could also say, if it's working for people and it's not costing you anything to
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keep it up there, leave it up there.
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- Yeah, and I think that's like the tension that I find and that I find so hard with this
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is I can totally rationalize and have a good argument for either side of what to do with
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That there is part of it where the beauty of a digital store is that it isn't that the
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old apps are taking up space from my new apps or my new opportunities or the apps that I
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want people to focus on.
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The app store is never full in that sense.
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It's not like I have an end cap from Apple that I have three slots and one of those slots
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is being taken up by this old app that I don't really work on.
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The new popular apps that I'm investing and focusing on mostly, their prominence in the
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store is larger, typically, just because they exist in a, the reason they're popular and
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successful is they do well with search or they have editorial or word of mouth effects
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going on with them.
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And so they do well in that regard, but the difficulty is the other ones are just sitting
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there and ostensibly in some ways they are just sitting there.
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And there's a little bit, even some of the ongoing costs, like I remember I ran into
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this a lot with Check the Weather, which is my weather app, which had an ongoing server
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And I let that app, I kept the app running for probably two or three years beyond when
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it financially made money if I looked at it just like what its server cost was versus
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the income it generated.
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And mostly because in the scope of my business, the app was costing me whatever, $1,000 a
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And that's not nothing, but at the same time it also generates screwed will and there's
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people who use the app and associate me with it.
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And maybe that makes them more advantageous to, if I cope with something new, like it's
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just a marketing expense at that point.
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And it gets really tricky if you look at it that way.
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On the other side, it's the, I think you can take, probably the more problematic version
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is the distraction effect of like, is it distracting me from either proven opportunities, other
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applications that are doing well and have some momentum behind them, and that in some
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ways I should be doubling down on, or new opportunities, new things that apps that I
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can make, new things that I can try.
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Are these other apps kind of just, there's a cognitive load to them, even if I kind of
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just accept that I'm ignoring them, that it makes me feel slightly bad when things don't
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work quite right.
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Or people write in with feature suggestions, like, hey, I love the app, I wish it did X.
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And it's the 100th time I've heard, I wish it did X.
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But I have no expectation necessarily of building that feature because I'm not going to sit
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down and work on an app for a couple of months if it's just, if it's not financially viable
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or doesn't hold my interest anymore, or things have just moved on.
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And that tension is just so awkward because, and also, probably in some ways, the thing
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that really worries me in some ways too is it makes me nervous to launch new apps because
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I feel that eventually I'm going to find myself in this position with whatever the new app
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And if anything, my business has, I've been able to do this for as long as I have because
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I just keep relentlessly making new apps, almost to a fault.
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And it's probably good for me in some ways to still have that confidence to just be able
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to say, like, you know, I'm just going to keep making things and we'll see what happens.
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Like, I don't want to feel like I can't make a new thing because eventually it's going
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to be like an albatross around my neck that I'm going to have to deal with later.
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So like, it's such a weird balance that I go back and forth where it's like, oh, I could
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totally justify it this way.
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Or it's like, oh no, that would be, that's a terrible idea.
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You should do it the complete opposite direction too.
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Hm, all right.
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I think I have a conclusion here.
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So I think I've given what you said a few minutes ago.
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I think I've come up with the answer here.
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Lay it on me.
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What do I do?
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You are not only known for, but your business depends on your ability to launch new apps
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And what you need here is to exercise the muscle of getting rid of apps.
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Because you said you hesitate to do it, and you feel bad about it.
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And what scared me a little bit about drawing this conclusion was when you said that you're
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afraid of launching a new app because you're afraid of having to maybe kill it later.
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But death is part of life.
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That's part of this.
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No app that you work on is going to last forever.
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Even the successful ones won't be there forever.
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At some point, even your most successful apps that seem like they're going to last forever,
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you're going to shut them down at some point.
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It might be years away, but it's going to happen at some point.
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If you can internalize the fact that every one of these apps will die, it's only a
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matter of deciding when that death will occur.
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You are the reaper.
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It's going to happen.
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The only question is when.
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And so if you can try to internalize that, which I think will become easier with practice,
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with killing more apps, then you will get rid of that hesitation you might have to try
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something new.
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Because that is critical to your business.
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Not only to your online brand of like, "Hey, underscore all the apps and make all these
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But also, your business has depended on that method of success, of trying a lot of new
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stuff, and some of it works and some of it doesn't.
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You can't impede, like mentally, you can't impede that process.
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And it should be paramount.
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You should be very scared to ever impede that process.
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So anything that threatens to impede that process, you've got to nip it in the bud.
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And so that's why I think exercise the muscle of killing apps.
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Also because, you know, you mentioned that all these, the apps that you're not going
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to really put any more work into, that haven't justified themselves, you mentioned, it sounded
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basically like you want them to be gone.
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Like, you'd rather they not be in the store.
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Like, you know, because I presented earlier the option of like, "Oh, you know, keep
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it in the store if it's not hurting anybody."
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But it sounds like it hurts you to keep it in the store.
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So get rid of it.
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Because while it's not hurting anybody, it's also not really benefiting you.
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And it isn't really benefiting a lot of people either.
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Because if it was benefiting a lot of people, it would be successful.
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So like, your unsuccessful or your like, past their prime apps aren't being used that
00:16:57
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So feel free to get rid of them.
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And I don't think you have to worry, like you mentioned also the concern about apps
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being a marketing function for you.
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You as a person, like have an app like Check the Weather where people associate you with
00:17:13
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this app and maybe it will benefit your other apps.
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I don't think that happens very much.
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I don't think most people know who made the app that they're using on their phone.
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It just doesn't happen.
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Most people, they just know the name of the app and the icon.
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And that's it.
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And I don't think, there's a small number of like, core fans that we have that like,
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they might know our apps and they might know us.
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But it's a fraction of the install base of the apps.
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So I don't think you have to worry too much about that either.
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As long as you keep making new stuff, you are the underscore that we know and love.
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And so like, I don't think you have to worry too much about that branding aspect.
00:17:52
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And plus, whenever I was getting ready to leave a job or thinking about leaving a job,
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I always thought like, boy, I really, I want to leave but I don't want to like, screw
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And I don't like, if I leave, they'll be like, all of a sudden they'll be stuck
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with all this work that I did, right?
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And it turned out, every time I left, like it was fine.
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It was totally fine.
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They got along just fine without me.
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People picked up the slack, other people were hired, it was fine.
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And nothing bad happened, right?
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I was overestimating how important it was that I be the one to be there to do this work,
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'cause anybody could have just paid stuff and done it.
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I think people have a similar kind of outlook to the apps on their phone.
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Like apps, 'cause apps get made and then quickly abandoned all the time.
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So I think people kind of look at the apps on their phone as like, well, this is all
00:18:43
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just a temporary set of things until they stop working and then I find new ones, right?
00:18:47
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So you might not be breaking anybody's heart that badly by shutting down an old app that
00:18:52
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not many people are even using anymore.
00:18:55
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And for the few people that did, yeah, they'll have a minor annoyance to deal with.
00:19:01
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Oh, and now I have to install a new app from somebody else.
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It isn't, I don't think-- - If they even notice, right?
00:19:07
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- Right, if they even-- - From their perspective, the app just keeps
00:19:08
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using, they're like, I mean, they obviously, if it involves web services and things, it
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could eventually stop working.
00:19:12
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But if it doesn't, it just sort of keeps going until they decide to stop using it,
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Whether or not-- - I mean, I have so many apps on my phone
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that I haven't launched in years.
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If I ever launched them.
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(laughs) - Sure.
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- And then I haven't launched them in years and if they stop working, I might never notice.
00:19:33
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And if I do notice, it might take a long time and I wouldn't care at all because I'm
00:19:37
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not really launching them, right?
00:19:38
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I think you're trying to be very kind and generous to your users of these old maintenance
00:19:50
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I don't think you need to be.
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I don't think they care that much.
00:19:54
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I don't think they are asking you to do that.
00:19:56
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This is a self-imposed pressure.
00:19:59
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And if it is weighing on you to have these apps out there, which you said it was, then
00:20:05
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the best thing you can do for yourself, which is what matters the most here, is get rid
00:20:12
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Shut them down.
00:20:13
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And then free up your plate so that you feel like, now I have all these slots in the end
00:20:19
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cap of my mind to make new stuff.
00:20:24
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'Cause that's what you need to keep your business going the way you've been running it.
00:20:28
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- That is very compelling.
00:20:33
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I think it is.
00:20:35
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I will say, it is an interesting thing, just as a meta note, I would encourage, when you're
00:20:38
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struggling with things like this, to talk about it out loud.
00:20:42
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Because I think it is interesting and you're picking up on these things.
00:20:45
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I'm saying things that I don't think I would have thought that I thought before you're
00:20:50
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forced to turn it into a sentence and say it out loud and actually wrap your arms around
00:20:57
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the feeling you're having.
00:20:58
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You just kind of like, sometimes you're just anxious and you don't know why.
00:21:02
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You don't know why you're anxious until you actually start talking to someone about why
00:21:05
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you're anxious.
00:21:06
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I think there's something in this too, where it's like, yeah, I think picking up on the
00:21:12
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fact that I think the reluctance I might have to launching something new because of the
00:21:19
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weight that it will eventually sort of add on is very much a danger that's a problematic,
00:21:30
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difficult situation that I need to actively work to fix.
00:21:36
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Because otherwise, all I'm doing is tying myself to past things, which is never going
00:21:43
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to be a route for success.
00:21:46
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That's never going to be, I'm never going to build a, I'm amazed in some ways that my
00:21:51
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business has lasted as long as it has, but it's never going to keep going if I'm just
00:21:56
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continuing to spend any energy whatsoever on things that aren't kind of moving the business
00:22:03
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forward or aren't embracing the future.
00:22:08
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But there's an emotional aspect to that that is sometimes tricky, I think both in terms
00:22:12
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of the, it's easy to think that the people who reach out to you, it's a weird thing just
00:22:20
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to feel like I'm disappointing someone who I've never met, who doesn't know who I am,
00:22:25
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for whom I'm just a faceless app developer, if that.
00:22:31
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Many people just think I'm Apple.
00:22:33
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We all just work for Apple.
00:22:37
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This is just part of the iPhone they went down to the Apple store and bought.
00:22:41
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I can build that up, and I can make that very personal, and I can make that feel like a
00:22:45
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very big deal because from my perspective, it is a big deal.
00:22:49
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It's a thing that I made that I put in the store and that someone bought and downloaded
00:22:55
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and that allowed me to start a business that supports my family.
00:22:59
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That's a very personal thing on my end, but it's entirely asymmetric in that way.
00:23:06
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I'm one of thousands of apps, hundreds of apps, whatever it is that they've downloaded,
00:23:12
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and maybe there are some people who are passionate, who care a lot about the app, who use it every
00:23:18
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At some point, I may disappoint some of those people, but that is ultimately, in some ways,
00:23:25
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that's not my problem at a certain point.
00:23:27
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If the app that they love is ultimately not sustainable, either in terms of financially
00:23:36
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or in terms of my interest, because that's another thing that's also just kind of awkward
00:23:39
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►
in this, is right now, the things that I'm interested in and the things that I get excited
00:23:43
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►
about are health and fitness apps on the Apple Watch.
00:23:48
◼
►
I have mountains of ideas about Apple Watch-related stuff.
00:23:52
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►
Very few ideas about things on iOS or the iPad or those types of platforms.
00:24:00
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►
They're just not platforms that I'm excited about.
00:24:05
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►
It is interesting to take that amorphous feeling and be like, "It's probably best to just not."
00:24:14
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►
I like the way you say it, though, of "Exercise the muscle of doing it," which is sort of
00:24:18
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understanding that it is doing something hard so that it becomes easier in the future.
00:24:26
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►
It's always the funny thing, whenever I started getting into weight training, is that you
00:24:31
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►
are at your...
00:24:32
◼
►
You have to make yourself...
00:24:33
◼
►
You have to do the difficult thing, which actually slightly makes you weaker in the
00:24:37
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moment, to be able to be stronger in the future.
00:24:41
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That is just the cycle of moving forward and getting better.
00:24:46
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There is something to just exercising that muscle and being like, "I need to just start
00:24:52
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taking some apps off the store."
00:24:54
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Probably the reality is once I've done the easy ones, it'll be easier to do the slightly
00:24:59
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trickier ones or the slightly more nuanced ones.
00:25:02
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As long as I do it in a reasonable way, that depending on...
00:25:05
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Like you said, if I do...
00:25:07
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►
One of my apps is a recipe organizer.
00:25:10
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►
It has a backup system related to that, making sure people's recipes are safe.
00:25:17
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►
If I run the couple of servers on Linode that it's hosted on for a year or two years after
00:25:24
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►
whatever, and after it stops being for sale, it's probably fine.
00:25:29
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And put a warning in the app and saying, "Hey, the sync service is going away.
00:25:32
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The app will still work.
00:25:34
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►
As long as it's going to work, you can export your recipes this way if you need to.
00:25:38
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►
Thank you for being a customer.
00:25:40
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I'm sorry it didn't work out."
00:25:42
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►
That's probably fine.
00:25:43
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►
And that's probably...
00:25:44
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►
And honestly, it's more than they need in that sense.
00:25:49
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Even if I just did nothing, that would probably be fine.
00:25:53
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►
And I could even be more than fine.
00:25:55
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And then that probably would assuage my conscience as well as just be a good thing to do.
00:26:01
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But that's probably the right thing to do.
00:26:03
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I think you're...
00:26:04
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Yeah, I like the way you say that.
00:26:06
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Because I feel like you have to be extremely vigilant to defend really core, really important
00:26:15
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►
properties of what you do.
00:26:17
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►
And so in this case, for you, it's very important to be able to have the mental freedom and
00:26:24
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motivation and capacity to try to launch new apps.
00:26:29
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Because that's what you're really good at.
00:26:31
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►
And your business depends on a rotating stock of hit apps.
00:26:39
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And you only get that by being able to try new things.
00:26:43
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And for me, a lot of times, the things I would defend that way, which I think probably everybody
00:26:48
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should, are things that seem like they might be causing potential burnout.
00:26:53
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►
Or things that might cause RSI or stress issues.
00:26:57
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►
Like I try to nip those in the boat as quickly as possible because that threatens what I
00:27:03
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►
do at a fundamental level.
00:27:04
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►
And so similar here, you have to...
00:27:07
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Anything where you start feeling like, "Oh no, this is turning in a way that could be
00:27:11
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►
really toxic for me."
00:27:13
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►
You gotta get rid of that immediately.
00:27:15
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►
And so this is that kind of thing where you can't...
00:27:19
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If you see anything that is preventing you or might possibly prevent you from being able
00:27:25
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►
to launch new stuff, you gotta nip in the bud.
00:27:29
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►
And I think there's an element there of just trying to understand what makes you, you.
00:27:36
◼
►
Like what unique and special thing is about...
00:27:42
◼
►
What makes your business viable?
00:27:44
◼
►
What makes you...
00:27:46
◼
►
How are you specifically and uniquely gifted compared to other people?
00:27:51
◼
►
- That is the thing that you have to lean in on and try and be very...
00:27:58
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►
Emphasize and do everything you can to amplify that effect.
00:28:03
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►
Because that's all you have.
00:28:05
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►
That's your edge.
00:28:06
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►
That's the thing that you can do that no someone else can't do.
00:28:09
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►
This is the reason that I have 20 apps in the App Store and you have one.
00:28:15
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►
We have a different mentality and we're good at different things.
00:28:18
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►
We're good at taking an app and making it a mile deep and incredibly polished at a way
00:28:23
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►
that I can't get to.
00:28:26
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►
Whereas I can make a good quality, straightforward app and do it dozens of times.
00:28:32
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►
And that's the difference.
00:28:33
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►
And the reality is if you had things that were preventing you from polishing and developing
00:28:38
◼
►
at that depth, you would probably need to take care of those in the same way that yeah,
00:28:42
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►
I need to make sure that there's nothing that's holding me back from being creative and
00:28:48
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►
prolific because that's the thing that I'm specifically good at.
00:28:53
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►
And a lot of people don't have the introspection to even be able to know what that is.
00:29:00
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►
Because you do, and I think you nailed it for both of us there, I think because you
00:29:03
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►
do, you can be more effective.
00:29:08
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►
That's part of the reason why you've succeeded is because you identified like oh, this is
00:29:11
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►
a thing I can do and you exercise that pattern and you keep doing it and you just keep developing
00:29:16
◼
►
how well you can do that.
00:29:18
◼
►
And it's very important to know that about yourself, as you said.
00:29:22
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►
- And then you just need to find a friend who knows you better than yourself who can
00:29:28
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►
tell you about it.
00:29:29
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►
- I really benefit a lot from those people in my life as well.
00:29:33
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►
Of which you are one, so thank you.
00:29:35
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►
- Well thank you, this has been a very helpful 30 minutes.
00:29:38
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►
I really appreciate it.
00:29:40
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Thanks for listening everybody, we'll talk to you in two weeks.